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VOL. 1, ISSUE 1 (2025)
The role of nitrite in hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers under oxidative conditions
Authors
T M Huseynov
Abstract
Hemoglobin-based oxygen
carriers (HBOCs) have been developed as potential blood substitutes to address
challenges associated with blood transfusions. However, their clinical
application is limited by oxidative degradation, which impairs oxygen delivery
and leads to adverse side effects. Nitrite (NO₂⁻), a reactive nitrogen species,
plays a complex role in modulating the oxidative behavior of hemoglobin within
HBOCs under oxidative stress conditions. This review explores the
concentration-dependent effects of nitrite on hemoglobin oxidation, focusing on
its dual role as both a protective agent and a pro-oxidant in the presence of
reactive oxygen species such as hydrogen peroxide. Mechanistically, nitrite can
reduce the formation of harmful ferryl intermediates, thereby mitigating
oxidative damage, but at elevated concentrations, it may exacerbate oxidative
degradation through the generation of reactive nitrogen species. The balance
between these effects is critical in determining the stability and functionality
of HBOCs. Understanding the molecular interactions between nitrite and
hemoglobin under oxidative stress can inform the design of safer and more
effective HBOCs with enhanced shelf-life and reduced toxicity. This review
highlights recent advances in the field, discusses current challenges, and
proposes future directions for research aimed at optimizing the use of nitrite
to improve HBOC performance under oxidative conditions.
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Pages:22-25
How to cite this article:
T M Huseynov "The role of nitrite in hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers under oxidative conditions". International Journal of Applied Education
, Vol 1, Issue 1, 2025, Pages 22-25
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